By Masaki Noda
Those volumes vary from the present traditional texts on bone phone biology. Biology itself is advancing at breakneck velocity and lots of displays thoroughly fail to provide the sphere in a very glossy context. this article doesn't try to current particular medical descriptions. particularly, after dialogue of easy options, there's a focus on lately constructed findings both suitable to simple study and a latest realizing of metabolic bone affliction. The ebook will come up with the money for efficient new insights into the intimate inter-relation of experimental findings and scientific realizing. sleek drugs is based within the laboratory and calls for of its practitioners a large clinical realizing: those volumes are written to exemplify this method. This publication is probably going to develop into crucial studying both for laboratory and scientific scientists
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Sample text
We have used x-ray images of 3 mm thick sections captured using a fine focus x-ray tube, a long focus to film distance, and fine grained industrial x-ray film. The processed images are digitized to 16 Bits using a cooled CCD camera and a Noran TN8502 image analyzing system. Using a standard commercial software package (Noran, Middleton WI, USA), the power spectrum, equivalent to an optical diffraction pattern of the film, is derived. We processed such images to produce contour diagrams showing the preferred orientation of features having particular spatial frequencies.
Embryol. 187, 239-248. M. (1994a). Analysis of a tensiodcompression skeletal system: Possible strain-specific differences in the hierarchical organization of bone. Anat. Rec. 239, 396-404. D. (1994b). Differences in osteonal micromorphology between tensile and compressive cortices of a bending skeletal system: indications of potential strain-specific differences in bone microstructure. Anat. Rec. 239,405-413. E. (1989). Early strain-related changes in enzyme activity in osteocytes following bone loading in vivo.
The image is first segmented by repetitively halving the distance between boundaries. 28 ALAN BOYDE and SHEILA JONES Figure 10. Image analysis and processing in the frequency domain. a) Digitized x-ray image of 3-mm thick section of L4 body of 35-year-old male e) 2D FFT: contoured power spectrum of image shown at top left in a, with highest intensities, meaning maximum significance, at the center. Highest frequency [least distance in the image] Components lie toward the center of the pattern. Vertical trabecular elements are portrayed by the horizontal arm of the central crosslike contour and vice versa, vertical elements by the horizontal.