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Extra resources for Biochemie. 3
Example text
Er be sitzt sechs .. Köpfchen", mit de nen er an die Fe-Region von JgM und lgG binden kann. die ihrerseits an Anti gen z. B. auf einer Bakte rienobe rfläche ge bunden habe n müssen. Di es e Bindung bewirkt e ine Konformationsänderung in den Immunglobulinen, die di e Fe- Region für Clq zugänglich macht. Clq mu ss jedoc h mindes ten s zwei Bindungen ausbilden , um die Kaskade aus zulöse n. Von lgG mü ssen daher zwei Mol e kül e dicht nebeneinande r auf der Oberfläche gebunden sein; beide zu sammen biete n dann mit ihren CH- Domänen der Fe-Reg ion e ine Ando ckstel le für Clq.
Indu kti on vo n Akute-Phase-Protein en Anl ock ung . Ak ti vieru ng lnterl eukin-10 T-Zellen Makrophagen und Monozy· te n. B-Zellen Hemmung vo n Makrophage n, Aktivi eru ng der B-Zellen lnterl eukin-12 Makrophagen NK-Zellen, T-Zellen Aktivierun g Tum ornekrosefaktor-a (TNF-a) Mak rophage n/Monozyten. T-Zellen ne ut ro phile Granul ozyte n, End oth elzellen, Hypothala· mus. Leber Aktivierun g. Entzünd un g. 2 Unspezifische Immunantwort Tab. 4 Übersicht über die Interferone. Knochenmark Interferon (IFN) produzierende Zelle lnterferon-a v.
Sie werden wegen des Aussehens ihres Kerns auch a ls polymorphkernige Granulozyten bezeichnet. Wie die Makrophagen besitzen sie Fe-Rezeptoren für lgG und Rezeptoren für den Komplementfaktor C3b auf ih rer Zelloberfläche u nd phagozytieren vorwiegend opso ni sier te Bakterien. Neutrophile Granu lozyten entha lten besondere En zyme (Defensine) in ihren lysosomalen Granu la, mit denen s ie di e pha gozytierten Bakterien zerstören : Aktivierung - --='=--.... aktiviert we itere Makrophagen • Hydrolasen (saure Phosphatase.