By Martin Matzuk, Chester W. Brown, T. Rajendra Kumar
A panel of professional medical and uncomplicated investigators summarize the cutting-edge within the use of transgenic know-how in a vast diversity of endocrinological purposes. up to date and entire, Transgenics in Endocrinology stories the newest advancements within the research of endocrine body structure and its pathologies via mouse versions, and gives a number of artistic techniques to appreciate larger the complicated strategies which are attribute of hormonal structures.
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Extra resources for Transgenics in Endocrinology
Sample text
Consequently, Sry is able to outcompete Dax1 for the activation of testis-differentiating genes. Secondly, in the case of Dax:Dax transgenics with the YPos Sry allele, where levels of transcription are lower than normal, or XX Dax:Sry animals, where the onset of Sry expression appears to be delayed, Dax1 expression increases before that of Sry, allowing Dax1 to maintain its inhibition of testis-differentiating genes. Although the experiments are not optimal, these data suggest that DAX1 and SRY act antagonistically toward each other, competing to control the activation of genes in the testicular-differentiation pathway.
M33 A more recently identified candidate for a role in gonadal development and testicular differentiation is the mouse M33 gene—a homolog of the Drosophila Polycomb gene (28). In Drosophila, Polycomb genes regulate the expression of homeotic genes that are required for segmental patterning in the embryo. Testicular differentiation in M33 mutant mice is perturbed: gonadal phenotypes range from small ovaries to “indistinct” gonads, with some animals developing as hermaphrodites with one testis and one ovary (28).
3. Palmer S, Burgoyne PS. In situ analysis of fetal, prepuberal and adult XX´XY chimaeric mouse testes:Sertoli cells are predominantly, but not exclusively, XY. Development 1991;112:265–268. 4. Lovell-Badge R, Robertson E. XY female mice resulting from a heritable mutation in the primary testis-determining gene, Tdy. Development 1990;109:635–646. 5. Page DC, Mosher R, Simpson EM, Fisher E, Mardon G, Pollack J, et al. The sex-determining region of the human Y chromosome encodes a finger protein.