By Dennis E. Vance and Jean E. Vance (Eds.)
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Annu. Rev. Biochem. 71: 635-700. 5. Tanford, C. 1980. , New York: Wiley. 6. , Ferguson-Miller, S. 2001. Detergents as tools in membrane biochemistry. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 32403-32406. 7. , Marsh, D. 1983. Calorimetric studies of the gel-fluid (LI3--L0t) and lamellarinverted hexagonal (La-HII) phase transitions in dialkyl- and diacylphosphatidylethanolamines. Biochemistry 22:1280-1289. 8. A. 2002. Cardiolipin: a proton trap for oxidative phosphorylation. FEBS Lett. 528: 35-39. 9. , Dowhan, W. 2005.
2. Protein prenylation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. The CaaX prenyltransferases FTase and GGTase-I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. Fatty acylation of proteins: N-myristoylation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. Fatty acylation of proteins: S-acylation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Protein acyltransferases (PATs) and thioacyl protein thioesterases (APTs) .
39 41 43 43 44 45 46 48 49 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 57 1. Introduction Lipid modifications of proteins (Fig. 1) are widespread and functionally important in eukaryotic cells. Intracellular proteins such as the signal-transducing heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) and the Ras superfamily of G proteins are modified by 14- or 16-carbon fatty acids and/or 15- or 20-carbon isoprenoids. N u m e r o u s cell surface glycoproteins such as acetylcholinesterase and the folate receptor are modified at their C-terminus by a structurally c o m p l e x glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor.