By Lambrini Loumbourdi
Standardised exams and language certification tests were a well-liked subject within the box of review for a few years now. The washback influence of such checks, that's how and to which measure language exams effect instructing and studying, has been the focal point of a number of examine tasks in quite a few contexts with diverse effects, yet even as of important value. Investigating the effect and effects of checks is a brilliant step in the direction of growing higher and fairer exams. This e-book makes a speciality of a examine examine of the washback impact of the FCE try (First certificates in English), built and administered via Cambridge English Language evaluate (formerly ESOL). The context of the examine is Greece, the place detailed socioeconomic components and features have rendered language certification more and more vital and feature considerably contributed to the standard and volume of the washback impression produced.
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Additional info for The Power and Impact of Standardised Tests: Investigating the Washback of Language Exams in Greece
Example text
The four sections of the findings were decided after reading and re-reading the transcripts, but also having in mind the parts of the interview protocol. Therefore, they are: 1) The general status of the FCE exam, 2) Exerted influence of the exams, 3) Language skills and learning areas, 4) Language performance. Below, there is a table of the categories that were chosen for the data analysis. 1 The general status of the FCE exam Reasons for taking the test and its importance All the teachers agreed that it is a very important test and that their students are very eager to succeed in it.
As Johnson and Christensen assert: “…you want your pieces of evidence to lead to the same conclusion or inferences. Triangulation can substantially increase the credibility or trustworthiness of a research finding” (2008: 451). g. you might 34 choose to use interviews, questionnaires, and classroom observations to gather data” (Brown and Rodgers, 2002: 212). All in all, the data gathered only by questionnaires might lack flexibility or accuracy as well, as Tsagari (2006) states. Finally, to increase validity, location or space triangulation was implemented (visiting classrooms in different parts of the city and country) and data type (text, tape recordings etc) (Wall: 2005).
It requires a period of adjustment, during which low scores might be produced: “During the transition there is likely to be a period of misalignment between how students are taught and how they are tested, resulting in low student test scores. , 2000: 470) Cheng (1998) also adds here that only through a substantial, gradual but solid change of the ‘how’, the methodology, the textbooks and not only the test itself, would we be able to achieve positive washback and real change. That happens because “wherever there is an examination change, there is likely to be a re-focus of students’ attention […] but any immediate and genuine changes in the students’ learning process are rather unlikely to occur” (1998: 280).