By B.A. Roberson
The essays that contain this examine eschew stereotypical representations of a politicized Islam within the Mediterranean sector. The members examine the truth that lies at the back of present matters within the region and the function that an embedded Islam has performed or may possibly play within the sector.
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Extra resources for Shaping the Current Islamic Reformation (Cass Series--History and Society in the Islamic World.)
Sample text
Whether this substratum has 24 THE POLITICS OF THE UMMA any effective influence on the contemporary, whether indeed it displays unity in its meanings, or imposes any interpretative or definitional constraints, may remain open. The analysis then proceeds to look at certain instances, four in all, in which the concept of umma has been deployed in modern Middle Eastern politics: if these reinforce the potency of the term, they all suggest its variant uses and its relation to concerns of state. Finally, some suggestions will be made about the implications of this for two broader analytic concerns, Islamist politics, on the one hand, and transnational and internationalist politics, on the other.
In general, social movements and in particular, Islamic movements, are further areas for scholarship in the study of identity and identity formation. As can be seen from the work elaborated in these contributions, the current reformation under way in the Middle East and Islamic world is complex and not in any way under the control of a single force or influence. While it is not unusual for there to be numerous movements, domestic and global, concerned in some way with Islam, Qur’an, Sunna and shari’a, it was been shown by our authors that this is not an uncomplicated idealistic set of occurrences but very much influenced and affected by domestic and transnational conditions unconnected with religion.
He argues that this concept too was flexible, and indeed served to reinforce, rather than challenge, the hold of the territorial and national state. Not only secular nationalism of the mid-twentieth century, up to around 1970, but even later Islamist movements espoused a concept of politics, and legitimacy, focused on the state. Thus, he shows that during the First World War, Ottoman appeals to Islamic sentiment counted for little in the face of more specific, national, concerns amongst Muslims in the Czarist empire or Arabs revolting against Ottoman rule [2000:41].