By Kirpa Johar
Basics of Laser Dentistry is a finished advisor to laser dentistry, from uncomplicated ideas to medical perform. starting with an creation to the physics and questions of safety referring to lasers, the e-book then examines the scientific software of laser dentistry in numerous dental eventualities, for instance, in operative dentistry, beauty dentistry, paediatric dentistry, oral and maxillofacial surgical procedure and extra. quite a few diagrams, charts, pictures and illustrations are incorporated to aid figuring out of subject matters together with hollow space slicing, endodontics and periodontal remedy and laser-assisted beauty tactics, equivalent to tooth whitening and crown lengthening.
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Example text
Surface Characteristics In SEM observation, the unlased enamel or dentin surfaces showed the presence of a smear layer that occluded the enamel rods and dentinal tubules. 1 M lactic acid. The lased surfaces were almost unchanged even after demineralization and lased areas were found to be melting with solidification of smear layer. This suggests that a CO2 laser could sufficiently melt and solidify the smear layer and thus enhance resistance to artificial caries like formation. Moderate heat treatment by a CO2 laser reduced the solubility of dental enamel and carbonated apatite.
Pulsed CO2 laser produced a temperature rise >1,000°C at the subsurface, sufficient to fuse and melt the crystals. As a result of the SEM examination, the lased dentin appeared to be sealed at all four energy densities used, but a smooth surface was only obtained when the energy density did not exceed 425 J/cm2. The sealed dentin contained no tubular structure, whereas in the underlying dentin the dentinal tubules retained their normal aspect. The lased dentin is less permeable to acid. There are two interpretations possible: 1.
The optimum temperature change for clinically applicable caries preventive treatment has not been determined due to the complexity of the thermal decomposition of these materials. The alteration in the composition of mineral phase with the decrease of carbonate, water and organic content, results in reduction of lattice strain of hydroxyapatite and decreased solubility. Studies shown that there was a reduction in the carbonate, water and apatite hydroxide content when a continuous wave CO2 laser was used.