By Surender Singh
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Example text
Therefore selection of a drug to treat a particular disorder should be based on a systematic approach towards its rational use. I. Selection of a drug: If a drug is really needed to treat a health problem, then its selection involves the following steps: i. Accurate diagnosis is the prerequisite for rational therapy. However, if a tentative diagnosis is made due to the limited local resources, then it should be reviewed in the light of response to the therapy. ii. Select group of drugs effective to treat the particular health ailment.
Drugs are converted to their metabolites that are more polar than the parent compound. g. streptomycin, neostigmine etc. The most lipid soluble drugs are readily absorbed from the filtrate by diffusion through renal tubular cells. Thus, the enzymatic biotrans- Pharmacokinetics formation of drugs to more polar and less lipid soluble metabolites enhances their excretion and reduce their volume of distribution. The primary site of drug metabolism is liver. The other organs like kidney, intestine, lungs and plasma are also involved in drug metabolism.
Other drug reservoirs are cellular and fat reservoir. The accumulation of drug in the cells may be the result of active transport or binding. Many drugs are accumulated in muscle and other cells in higher concentration than in the extracellular fluids. Many lipid soluble drugs are stored in the neutral fat, and act as the important reservoir. REDISTRIBUTION In general, the termination of drug effect is usually by metabolism and excretion, but it can also be due to the redistribution of drugs. ) by which the plasma concentration falls and drug is withdrawn for these sites.