By Neil Short
Throughout the Russian Civil conflict, the purple military created a chain of fortified components, or ukreplinnyje rajony (UR), that have been for use not just for defence yet have been additionally to behave as staging issues for offensive operations. Following the top of the warfare those defences have been prolonged, making a entrance that stretched over 2,000km from the Baltic to the Black Sea, that consisted of greater than 3,000 positions from forts to desktop gun and antitank positions, emplaced tank turrets, and statement and command positions. by way of the outbreak of worldwide conflict II, those defenses - referred to as the Stalin Line - have been mostly whole. although, after the Soviet profession of japanese Poland in October 1939 the Stalin Line was once too some distance at the back of the hot border to be of use as a springboard for an offensive. So, a brand new set of defenses was once all started, named after the Soviet overseas Minister, Molotov. apparatus used to be stripped from the Stalin Line, yet merely 25 percentage of the positions were accomplished by the point of the German invasion in June 1941 and it proved no fit for the Wehrmacht - positions have been ordinarily empty or just bypassed throughout the improve. Illustrated with cutaway paintings and infrequent photos this booklet presents a close exam of the advance of those protective traces, and the combating that came about round them in 1941, and is filled with aspect and knowledge that isn't on hand within the English.
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Additional resources for The Stalin and Molotov lines: Soviet western defences, 1928-41
Sample text
Kirponos was now forced to order 6th and 26th armies to abandon their positions in the Rava-Russkaia and Przemysl fortified regions and fall back towards Lwow (Lemberg). With a few exceptions the defences of the Molotov Line 'though tenaciously defended ... S1). The Red Army now fell back in disarray towards the Stalin Line. Those troops seeking salvation in the old fortifications were in for a nasty surprise. The Stalin Line Army Group North With the border defences now far behind them, Leeb's army group continued its advance towards Leningrad.
He planned to use the armour in a massive pincer movement with 3rd Panzer Army to the north and 2nd Panzer Army to the south. The enemy forces around Bialystok would be encircled and destroyed, much as Zhukov had demonstrated in the war game of January 1941. General Hoth's 3rd Panzer Army was led by 20th and 7th Panzer divisions, which headed towards Alytus, and 12th Panzer Division, which advanced on Merkine on the River Neman. In spite of months of preparation, the lead units knew little if anything of the defences that faced them, but this seemed to be little handicap as the armoured fist smashed through the Molotov Line on 22 June and advanced on their respective objectives.
115 of Battalion Defence Area VII in the Minsk Fortified Region. Two of the three loopholes for machine guns are visible, as is the metal framework around the top of the bunker that would have been used to secure the camouflage. (V. Tadra) This machine-gun bunker in the Minsk Fortified Region has subsided. It is not clear why this happened but it provides a interesting underside view of the structure which would otherwise not be visible. The foundation is made from concrete using very large stones and just protruding are a series of concrete piles which formed the framework for the interior walls.