By Robert C. Ostergren, Mathias Le Bossé
This top textual content bargains a entire, richly nuanced, and authoritative advent to ecu geography. insurance encompasses the whole zone: its actual surroundings and surroundings, inhabitants and migration, languages and religions, and political association. specific realization is given to old and modern gains of the various city environments within which so much Europeans reside, paintings, and play. Combining vibrant description, crucial details, and cogent research, the textual content is illustrated with greater than 2 hundred photos and sixty four maps. New to This Edition*Fully up-to-date to mirror ongoing alterations during this dynamic region.*Expanded assurance of well timed themes akin to emissions and effort coverage, getting older of the inhabitants, migration, religiosity and secularization, ethnonationalism, wellbeing and fitness care, pop culture, and the way forward for the eu Union.*Engaging vignettes in each bankruptcy on eu areas, cultural matters, and day-by-day life.*Over forty five new photos and maps. (20050701)
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Extra info for The Europeans, Second Edition: A Geography of People, Culture, and Environment (Texts In Regional Geography)
Example text
It was in northern France and England that feudalism, the dominant form of social and political organization of Europe’s medieval era, emerged in the 9th century before diffusing towards the East. While feudalism had virtually disappeared in the West by the 1600s, it remained in place far longer in the east: The abolition of serfdom in Czarist Russia occurred only in 1857. In a similar vein, the Industrial Revolution that began in the British Isles in the late 1700s brought with it a general “modernization” process that swept swiftly across the West, but spread only slowly to the East (as well as the Mediterranean).
29 (Spanish) as a world language is a legacy of this venture. Both the Italian and the Iberian Peninsulas are culturally diverse, but almost everyone except the Basques, who occupy a small region in the north of Spain, speaks a language derived from Latin, and both areas have historically been centers of Roman Catholic orthodoxy. That conservatism has drastically changed in the past few decades, however, and it is revealing that today, because of widespread family planning, Spain and Italy are two of the countries with the lowest fertility rates in the world.
It was a night when ghosts, witches, hobgoblins, fairies, and black cats were thought to be roaming about. To frighten these evil spirits away, the Celts hollowed out turnips, carved faces in them, and placed them in their windows with lighted candles inside. Rather than proscribe this deeply ingrained celebration, the Christian Church incorporated it into its festival of All Hallows Eve, celebrated on the same date. Gradually Halloween became a secular observance and was introduced into the United States by Irish immigrants in the 19th century.