By M. Swapna
Sugarcane, an immense resource of sugar, performs a considerable position in global financial system. As a C4 plant this has very effective procedure for carbohydrate metabolism via photosynthesis. Crop development efforts have centred normally on bettering caliber features, in most cases sugar content material. This being a posh trait, comprises a lot of goal genes within the metabolic pathway. The complicated polyploid nature of the crop makes it more challenging to pin aspect the major gamers during this complicated pathway.
Despite its value, little is understood in regards to the specific mechanism of sucrose accumulation and its law in sugarcane. Many enzymes were proposed to have a key position in selecting the final word sucrose content material in sugarcane. There are evidences to teach that a few of these like Sucrose Phosphate Synthase (SPS) and Sucrose Synthase (SuSy) are encoded by means of a number of genes that exhibit organ specifity in sugarcane. specially in a crop like sugarcane the place the classical suggestions are of constrained assist in elucidating a number of genetic complexities, molecular concepts should be of assist in throwing a few mild at the gray components. Molecular marker options should be of assist in figuring out a few elements of sucrose metabolism and its legislation during this crop, hence complementing the continued crop development programmes.
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Additional info for Molecular Marker Applications for Improving Sugar Content in Sugarcane
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Compared to the other diploid crops where linkage maps can be developed for both the parental lines, in sugarcane the maps have to be constructed for the two parents separately. The genomes of cultivated clones have a constitution of approximately 80% S. officinarum genome and approximately 10% of S. spontaneum genome (D’Hont et al. 1996), with almost 10% constituted by recombinants. The mapping studies point towards a difference with respect to the two components. It has been observed by many workers that the extent of coverage of S.
By artificially inducing sucrose and hexose accumulation in sugarcane leaves through cold girdling, these workers were able to demonstrate that 21 photosynthesis related genes associated with Photosystem I, Photosystem II, C4 photosynthetic pathway and PCR cycle were down regulated. The regulation of TPS and TPP indicated an important role for Trehalose 6 Phosphate (T6P) in sugar signalling mechanisms. An increased expression of genes for cell-wall synthesis, assimilate partitioning, phosphate metabolism and stress were also exhibited.
24 Molecular Marker Applications for Improving Sugar Content in Sugarcane up to 60% with the inclusion of digenic interactions. Evidence for epistasis was strong in this study also as in many previous ones. As in earlier studies (Ming et al. 2002) association of a QTA with more than one trait was detected here also but the level of significance varied in different interactions. Comparison with a previous mapping attempt by Aitken et al. (2006) for sugar related traits revealed that nine stalk-related QTAs mapped to similar locations to that of the twelve mapped sugar related QTLs in the same population (Ming et al.