By J. Beattie
A brand new interpretation of imperialism and environmental swap, and the anxieties imperialism generated via environmental transformation and interplay with unknown landscapes. Tying jointly South Asia and Australasia, this booklet demonstrates how environmental anxieties ended in expanding nation source administration, conservation, and concrete reform.
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Additional resources for Empire and Environmental Anxiety: Health, Science, Art and Conservation in South Asia and Australasia, 1800–1920
Example text
Compared to other Australian colonies, South Australia’s relatively developed forestry programme from the 1870s owed much to the efforts of one man, Friedrich Krichauff (1824–1904) (Chapter 5). Finding the appropriate terminology to reflect the heterogeneity of imperialism – the people, ideas and processes involved – across Australasia and South Asia is challenging. Even the term ‘colonialism’ can connote different types of engagement and ideological commitments on the part of the historian. Settler colonialism clearly differed in its social and political characteristics from India.
W. 24 Malaria, as an author in the Indian Forester elucidated, ‘ruins a race, sapping its stamina and destroying its power of work. 25 Although opinion later changed (see below), Australia’s tropical north, as in tropical India, initially appeared to limit settlement. 26 Europeans expressed anxiety that white bodies degenerated, becoming lazy and diseased after residence in the tropical north. ’ This racial experiment, he believed, had wide implications not just for Empire but also for European settlement everywhere.
Large-scale environmental change also released a set of often unintended environmental consequences that threatened colonial development and, with it, the whole colonial project, a problem seemingly accentuated on tropical islands, as Richard Grove has contended. 59 This is what almost happened on Mauritius in the mid-nineteenth century, Grove argues. Plantation agriculture led to deforestation and soil erosion (and perceived climate change) that threatened to undermine the economy. 61 Sustained agricultural failure, conservation supporters stressed, threatened to bring economic decline and cause unrest.