By Mohammad Hossein Keshavarz
Preface to the 1st .Edition
Teachers. linguists and psycholinguists have consistently been intere ted in
errors produced through second-language newbies, both of their speech or
writing or either. in truth, novices' blunders were the topic of
extensive research and heated controveL y for rather a protracted time.
There were significant techniques to the learn of learner ' errors .
namely Contrasti ve research and blunder Analysis.
The author's central purpose in scripting this e-book has been to
provide a textual content for the Contrasti\'c and mistake research direction now
widely taught on the uni versity point in Iran. The formerly used
material for this direction didn't hide many facets of blunders Analy i
which are handled within the current e-book. The booklet is usually meant to
provide working towards academics with insights into the character and kinds of
errors, with which they must deal of their day-by-day profes ional life.
The fabric during this ebook relies at the author's lectures on
Contrastive and mistake research at significant universities in Tehran. It has
been labored out over a number of years and has confirmed to be satisfactory
and profitable. makes an attempt were made to give the material
systematically. it's strongly believed that this systematic presentation
wiiirnake the instructing and interpreting of the cloth tender and easy.
It is was hoping that this ebook, with all its shortcomings, wi II create a
positive angle in the direction of mistakes, either at the a part of educators and
students.
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Extra info for Contrastive Analysis & Error Analysis
Sample text
What forms would you use to congratulate him? 2. What English words or expressions would you use to compliment your friend on a beautiful dress she is wearing? 3. Your neighbor has just bought a new car. How would you compliment him on that? 4. Your cousin has just given birth to a baby. What compliment form( s) would you use to congratulate her. Part m. Carry out a contrastive analysis of the following features In English and Penlan: 1. Stress 2. Imperatives 3. Intonation Patterns 4. Relative Clauses S.
Of fonns. 7. Hierarchy of difficulty refers to the . . . . . of the relative . .... of a given aspect of the target language. 8. The ...... (or natural) member of a pair is the one with a .. ... range of . .. .... 9. CA is criticized for ignoring factors such as .. .. and .......... , and ......... .... , which may affect the Ieamer's performance in the target language I 0. Unmarked items or .... ... . , more .. .. . and more core in a language. Chapter 2 - CA of Some Selected Features ...
What was the psychological basis of CA? 3. Which linguistic theory supported CA? 4. What are the pedagogical values ofCA? 5. How are second language learners' errors treated in CA? 6. What are the two types of transfer? 7. What are the main steps in comparing two or more languages? 8. What are the shortcomings of CA? Part II. Complete the foUowing sentences. I. CA is the ........... study of a pair of languages in order to identify their . . . . . . differences and similarities, usually for ..........