By Kathleen Biddick
Whereas the cereal agriculture of medieval Europe has been studied exhaustively, the pastoral assets and farm animals husbandry of medieval estates were heavily overlooked. Kathleen Biddick's exam of 1 property, Peterborough Abbey, in the course of numerous many years sooner than and after 1100 and the 1st decade after 1300, brings a brand new stability to the topic of the medieval financial system. Her pioneering method and the conclusions she reaches will curiosity archaeologists and agricultural historians in addition to anthropologists, economists, and historians of early eu development.Drawing at the archival documents of the abbey, an property that straddled the "classic" open-field agriculture of the English Midlands and the extra pastorally-oriented farming of the English peat fens, Biddick describes in nice aspect how those farmers controlled their herds and ate up and advertised cattle items similar to meat, wool, hides, milk, and cheese. dedication to protecting intake thoughts didn't suggest that the Abbey resisted industry involvement and technological innovation. huge numbers of labor and cart horses point out the estate's financial curiosity in quick haulage. Cereal yields, the place they're calculable, examine favorably to the high-yielding demesnes of components of Norfolk, the main agriculturally complicated area of medieval England. through exhibiting how the Abbey coordinated its assets to augment range and suppleness, the opposite economic climate enlarges our figuring out of agrarian lordship and political regulate over assets within the medieval financial system.
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Additional info for The Other Economy: Pastoral Husbandry on a Medieval Estate
Example text
Medieval farmers usually mowed meadows for hay. From mid-December to early summer, they enclosed meadows to protect the production of the hay crop. They mowed the hay from mid-June to July. Then, depending on management, livestock grazed the mown meadows, unless a second hay crop was to be taken in late August. 4 and 5. The meadow and woodland resources of the Abbey recorded in the Domesday Book. pastoral resources. Mowing and storage of hay for winter fodder implies a pastoral economy where the number of animals exceeds winter pasture and one in which movements of livestock can be coordinated with storage locations.
Movement of wether flocks around the estate 103 15. Movement of yearling flocks around the estate 104 16. Movement of lamb flocks around the estate 105 17. Annual cycle of a wool-production manor: Longthorpe, 1300-01 107 18. Annual cycle of a lamb-breeding manor: Glinton, 1300-01 107 Page xi TABLES 1. Extraction of Week Work and Ploughing Services on the Peterborough Abbey Estate: 1125 Survey 26 2. Change in Valuations and Demesne Ploughs, 1086-1125 32-33 3. Cash Renders (Redditus) and Cash Equivalents for Grain Renders: 1125 Survey 38 4.
It asks the most basic question: How did relations between pastoral and cereal activities change throughout the history of the estate? Toward a History of European Pastoral Husbandry The economic activities of the estate of Peterborough Abbey offer answers to this question. 14 I have deliberately chosen to explore an estate rather than a geographical region because the institutional approach offers the best chance to focus on a nuanced study of poorly known household strategies for pastoral resource-use.