By Pierre Deslongchamps
Stereoelectronic results in natural chemistry.
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Extra resources for Stereoelectronic Effects in Organic Chemistry
Sample text
The monomers are held together by the same solvophobic effects which produce micelles, and solvation forces together with membrane undulations prevent crystallization. The state of the vesicle membrane is therefore also essentially of a fluid character. Supramolecular ordering within vesicle membranes is negligible. Nevertheless, synthetic vesicles can be organized because they are long-lived and have very low critical concentrations (< l o p 5 M). Few monomers are in equilibrium with the large assemblies.
3 Structural Models of Micelles and the Wetness Problem Sedimentation, diffusion and light scattering data, as well as well-fixed aggregation numbers, point to a finite geometrical shape of micelles: spheres or cubes are most likely". Laser Raman spectra of aqueous NaLS, CAD and CTAB* solutions reflect a fluid-like core, with a predominance of gauche rotamers12. The outer CH2 groups, however, occur predominantly in an all-trans conformation12. I3C-NMR TI values of carbon atoms also point to motions of the inner segments approaching those of the liquid hydrocarbons 13.
The state of the vesicle membrane is therefore also essentially of a fluid character. Supramolecular ordering within vesicle membranes is negligible. Nevertheless, synthetic vesicles can be organized because they are long-lived and have very low critical concentrations (< l o p 5 M). Few monomers are in equilibrium with the large assemblies. g. g. Pt", MnOOH) and organic polyelectrolyes (proteins, DNA) (ii) to locate proton or electron donating head groups on the outer surface and acceptors on the inner surface of a vesicle (iii) to combine photoactive redox pairs of an organic and inorganic nature within the narrow space of a 2-6 nm thick membrane (iv) to carry out the same recognition processes between chiral solutes and chiral membrane surfaces in bulk solution, which were established in 2D surface monolayers (see chapter 6).