By Dr. Leendert van der Pijl (auth.)
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Many agriculturalists prefer such "animal-treated" seed for sowing. In South Africa, eating of leguminous pods by antelopes has been seen not only to produce faster germination but also to prevent attack by insects, which damage uneaten seeds for the larger part. Perharps digestion eliminates mainly the already damaged seeds. JANZEN (1969 b, 1970) found a large difference in infection by Bruchids between seeds on the ground and in droppings, as well as between seeds underneath the mother plant and those transported some distance from it.
RIDLEY gives six pages on different species, stressing the influence of their migrations on plant dispersal and distribution. This is most important for Cyperaceae, but also for species of Nymphaea, Nuphar and Pontederia, and even for some plants with berries. For Potamogeton see p. l03; for the clear zoochory in cyperaceous Gahnia see p. 38. The residual monospermy of grasses (p. 16) may originally have led to the combination of hydrochory and endozoochory (as seen in Cyperaceae), promoted by enclosing, utricle-like glumes.
Before we proceed with further classes, we must recognize that in the question of trans- 24 Ecological Dispersal Classes, Established on the Basis of the Dispersing Agents port, the "how" and "where" also count. All following zoochorous classes can be subdivided by crosswise partitions as follows: a) endozoochory, diaspores inside the animal; b) synzoochory, diaspores deliberately carried, mostly in the mouth (stomatochory) as in some birds and all ants; c) epizoochory (formerly indicated as exozoochory), diaspores accidentally carried on the outside.