By Swapan K. Datta, Subbaratnam Muthukrishnan
Loads of learn has been excited about the isolation, characterization, and law of expression of pathogenesis-related proteins because the discovery that a number of of the PR-proteins had antimicrobial or insecticidal task and will hold up the development of ailments attributable to numerous pathogens belonging to diversified genera. this can be an exhilarating interval of study the place constitutive (or inducible) expression of PR-proteins at potent degrees should be used as a device to reinforce or stabilize yield in components the place pathogens and pests are endemic.
Pathogenesis-Related Proteins in crops analyzes the sensible facets of making use of PR-proteins for plant security, in a potential position because the first or final defensive position opposed to pathogens and pests. moreover, PR-proteins expressed in it seems that fit tissues in the course of basic plant development corresponding to seed improvement and flowering, could have extra unsuspected roles in morphogenesis or in symbiosis.
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155 suggested that signal combinations may synergistically hyperinduce plant defense genes and that such synergistic signals may be more specifically related to gene function than any single inductive signal. The authors showed that the acidic PR-1b gene was synergistically induced by ethylene/methyl jasmonate combinations. The plant-growth regulator jasmonic acid (JA) and its methyl ester methyl jasmonate (MeJa) are widely distributed in the plant kingdom. Jasmonates, the key molecules of the octadecanoid signaling pathway, have been proposed to be stress-related © 1999 by CRC Press LLC compounds.
New members within a family will be assigned a letter according to the order in which they are described. Five well-established families of PR proteins have been described in tobacco. 12 Therefore the expression of PR-1 genes can serve as an indicator of the activation of plant defense response. The following overview deals with the current knowledge on PR-1 and the genes encoding these proteins. Since PR-1 proteins from tobacco have been studied in most detail, the data presented here will primarily cover this biological system.
30. White, R. , Rybicki, E. , Von Wechmar, M. , Dekker, J. , and Antoniw, J. , Detection of PR-1 type proteins in Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Gramineae and Solanaceae by immunoelectroblotting, J. Gen. , 68, 2043, 1987. 31. Bol, J. , Linthorst, H. J. , and Cornelissen, B. J. , Plant pathogenesis-related proteins induced by virus infection, Annu. Rev. , 28, 113, 1990. 32. Van Loon, L. , Specific soluble leaf proteins in virus-infected tobacco plants are not normal constituents, J. Gen. , 30, 375, 1976.