By Gerald G. Eggert
In 1810, Irish immigrant Roland Curtin introduced a charcoal ironmaking operation in primary Pennsylvania that persevered for one hundred ten years. via this attractive account of Curtin and his iron plantation, Gerald Eggert offers a tremendous bankruptcy within the historical past of the iron in the United States. Eggert's tale starts with Roland Curtin, who arrived within the Bald Eagle Valley in 1797. From the time he built his first forge at the south financial institution of Bald Eagle Creek till the ultimate ultimate of the Eagle Ironworks in 1922, Roland and his sons, then his grandsons, and nonetheless later a good grandson operated what had develop into considered one of Centre County's significant businesses. all through a lot of its heritage, the Eagle Works hired among a hundred and 2 hundred complete- and part-time workmen. Eggert analyzes the crew and describes existence within the staff' village. The relationships, existence, and housing of the Curtins, unlike these in their staff, supply insights into the social historical past of the interval. Eggert additionally offers a superb precis of the ironmaking process--from the slicing of wooden and making of charcoal to the mining of ore and smelting of the iron--and the demanding situations of transporting iron items out of the frontier to Pittsburgh and Philadelphia.The lengthy background of the Curtin family's Eagle Ironworks mirrors either the increase and the lengthy decline of yank charcoal-iron creation. average of the small, family-owned corporations that bridged the space among preindustrial and glossy business creation, the historical past of the Eagle Ironworks illustrates either the industrializing and, later, the deindustrializing methods and the impression those had on all who have been concerned. whilst the Eagle Ironworks closed in 1922, it was once the final charcoal-iron institution in Pennsylvania and one of many or 3 final such works within the usa.
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Extra resources for Making Iron on the Bald Eagle: Roland Curtin's Ironworks and Workers' Community
Example text
Although Curtin continued < previous page page_22 next page > < previous page page_23 next page > Page 23 Curtin Eagle Ironworks from the west side of Bald Eagle Creek, ca. 1865. First line of buildings (left to right):forge (behind trees), worker homes, sheds, four-story gristmill, millpond, worker homes. Background (left to right):furnace with chimney, large horse barn, ironmaster’s mansion (behind gristmill). < previous page page_23 next page > < previous page page_24 next page > Page 24 to own property in Bellefonte and to follow affairs in the county seat, the family fortunes now depended almost wholly on the ironworks.
In the course of the next eleven months (October 1820 through August 1821) usually eight people were working at any given time, although as many as sixteen were on the payroll for at least a few days during the month in question. Also, the turnover of workers was substantial. 4 The Iron Business, 1810–1828 The year 1810 was a good time to enter the iron business. The local region was thriving, and Centre County’s population of 4,112 in 1800 had swelled to 10,681 by 1810. 5 The area, half-frontier when Curtin arrived in 1797, had by 1820 evolved into a region of settled farms and rural villages.
In accord with custom, Curtin probably expected his daughters to find their fortunes in judicious marriages. It was Curtin’s practice to introduce his sons to the family business as soon as they completed their educations. How much schooling Austin, James, and Roland Jr. received is not known, but because their father had been a trustee of the Bellefonte Academy from its founding in 1805, it seems likely they had at least some schooling there. Also uncertain is the age at which each of the boys began work.