By Klaus Schon
Gear to be put in in electrical power-transmission and distribution platforms needs to move popularity checks with standardized high-voltage or high-current try impulses which simulate the tension at the insulation attributable to exterior lightning discharges and switching operations within the grid. excessive impulse voltages and currents also are utilized in many different fields of technological know-how and engineering for varied functions. consequently, designated impulse-measurement recommendations are invaluable, both to avoid an over- or understressing of the insulation or to assure the effectiveness and caliber of the applying. the objective viewers basically includes engineers and technicians however the publication can also be necessary for graduate scholars of high-voltage engineering and electricity offer structures.
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Extra resources for High Impulse Voltage and Current Measurement Techniques: Fundamentals - Measuring Instruments - Measuring Methods
Sample text
5û on the tail of the switching impulse voltage. 6Switching impulse voltage and its impulse parameters (aperiodic waveform) In addition to T p and T 2, a few other time parameters are also defined. 9û. In special cases, switching impulse voltages can also swing below the zero line in the tail region. It may therefore be necessary to specify the time to zero T z between the true origin O and the instant of the first zero-crossing of the tail of the switching impulse voltages. Further, even the front time T 1 as per Eq.
5 μs. 3û and the chopping instant is nearly linear. 1) The various lightning impulse voltages are identified in the test specifications by the following time parameters: front time T 1 and time to half-value T 2 for full lightning impulse voltages front time T 1 and time to chopping T c for standard chopped impulse voltages (2 μs ≤ T c ≤ 5 μs) time to chopping T c for lightning impulse voltages chopped on the front (T c < 2 μs) front time T 1 and virtual steepness S for wedge-shaped impulse voltages.
Here, curve 1 representing the impulse voltage with damped oscillation was obtained by the superposition of the smooth impulse voltage 3 (the base curve) with the oscillation 4. Curve 2 is the equivalent smooth impulse voltage (the test voltage curve), which leads to the same breakdown voltage of the test models as the oscillating impulse voltage 1. The amplitude, frequency and phase displacement of the superimposed oscillation were widely varied during the investigations. 3Oscillating impulse voltage 1 and equivalent smooth lightning impulse voltage 2, both of which according to [4] lead to the breakdown of the test models.