By K.A. Matis
"Discusses the foundation of flotation in mineral processing, describes the applying of latest flotation theories, and considers a number of replacement strategies, together with flocculation and solvent sublation. includes authoritative contributions from greater than forty five foreign experts."
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Extra resources for Flotation Science and Engineering
Sample text
Ideally, fine particles should be produced only for the purpose of complete liberation of the valuable constituents (as in the case of mixed sulfides) from gangue minerals (such as calcite and quartz). Unfortunately, in some mineral-processing operations, as in the case of phosphates, it is possible that almost 30% of the original mineral is finally produced as fines that cannot be further processed or enriched; hence, they are stockpiled in the mine area, creating a lot of environmental problems.
52 mm in diameter. For bubbles in free rise, at a constant gas rate, the rate of flotation should vary inversely as db3, so there would be a real advantage to using bubbles in the range of 50100 µm in diameter. Such bubbles are produced in dissolved-air flotation. It has been found that bubbles 80 µm in diameter can be produced, with air at a saturation pressure of 485 kPa (29). Figure 5 presents some results obtained for the removal of fine mineral particles from dilute aqueous solutions using dissolved-air flotation and tetrasodium pyrophosphate as a modifier (30).
The adsorption is reversible and gives a characteristic form of isotherm, which is related to micellization and has been named as formation of hemimicelles. The latter is accompanied by charge neutralization and then reversal of charge. The surface is most hydrophobic in the concentration region around the point of charge reversal, where the adsorption amounts to about one monolayer. An excess of surfactant reduces the contact angle, eventually to zero. 4. , mica and feldspar). As these minerals account for the bulk of the rocks in the earth's crust, they commonly form the unwanted gangue from which the more valuable species have to be separated by flotation.