By W. Merrill (auth.), Professor Dr. Robert A. Blanchette, Professor Dr. Alan R. Biggs (eds.)
For the earlier decade, it's been obvious to either one of us reference textual content overlaying all elements of tree protection mechanisms to fungi used to be lacking, wanted and lengthy past due. this type of publication would supply a transparent, finished review of the way residing roots, stems and leaves reply to fungal pathogens. the necessity for one of these e-book turned in creasingly transparent to us from our conversations with one another, in addition to from our interactions with scholars and associates who wanted a sourcebook containing experiences of morphological, biochemical and physiological points of host-parasite interactions in timber. in the course of a box journey subsidized via the woodland Pathology Committee of the Ameri can Phytopathological Society, on a bus from one web site to a different, we made up our minds to take the accountability to organize a e-book of this sort and commenced to plot its composition. To safely handle the subject of this booklet as we had predicted it, we believed that well-illustrated chapters have been wanted with the intention to mirror the real advances made through the various investigators who've tested the anatomical and physiological alterations that happen whilst timber are attacked by means of fungi. we're thankful to Dr. Tore Timell, the wooden technology editor for Springer-Verlag, for helping our efforts and for delivering an road to submit this kind of profusely il lustrated volume.
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Example text
Thickness of phellem suberin layers (ca. 60-350 nm) increased with distance from the phellogen. Cell wall pits and plasmodesmata canals were not observed in the phellem. Phellem cells with intact organelles were detected infrequently and, when detected (Fig. 6, 26), were characterized by abundant mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, dictyosomes, and associated vesicles. Fig. 6. Transmission electron micrographs (21-26) of transverse sections of the boundary zone and necrophylactic periderm of wounded peach bark.
2 Bark The term "bark" is used most often in a nontechnical context and refers to all tissues external to the vascular cambium (Srivastava 1964, Esau 1965). Accordingly, the bark is an aggregation of organs and tissues that includes phloem and secondarily thickened tissues from the secondary plant body, as well as epidermis, cortex, and phloem derived from the primary plant body (Esau 1965). The term bark was used by earlier authors in a technical context in reference to all dead tissues exterior to a deep-seated periderm (de Bary 1884, Biisgen and Munch 1929).
In this context, the effort to distinguish between structural and physiological responses becomes misguided. Any distinctions made between physiological processes and structural wound responses in this chapter are done merely for convenience and for the purpose of discussion. It is the goal of this chapter to discuss recent findings on the anatomical and metabolic consequences of wounding in the bark of trees and to draw attention to investigations that are relevant to host-pathogen interactions.