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It uses the initial symbol S of a sentence to be generated and several other non-terminal symbols: the noun phrase symbol NP, verb phrase symbol VP, noun symbol N, verb symbol V, and determinant symbol D. All these nonterminal symbols are interpreted as grammatical categories. Several production rules for replacement of a non-terminal symbol with a string of several other non-terminal symbols are used as the nucleus of any generative grammar. In our simple case, let the set of the rules be the following: S VP NP NP → → → → NP VP V NP D N N 36 COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS AND LINGUISTIC MODELS Each symbol at the right side of a rule is considered a constituent of the entity symbolized at the left side.
For semantic interpretation (“understanding”), additional theoretical means were introduced, which were somewhat alien to the earlier generative structure mainstream. By contrast, each word in the HPSG dictionary is supplied with semantic information that permits to combine meanings of separate words into a joint coherent semantic structure. The novel rules of the word combining gave a more adequate method of construing the semantic networks. Meantime, Chomskian idea of transformations was definitely abandoned by this approach.
PRODUCTS OF COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS 55 In this way, hyphenation improves the outer appearance of computer-produced texts through adjusting their right margins. It saves paper and at the same time preserves impression of smooth reading, just as without any hyphenation. The majority of the well-known text editors are supplied now with hyphenation tools. 2 Usually, the linguistic information taken for such programs is rather limited. ), and what letter combinations are inseparable (such as consonants pairs ll, rr, ch or diphthongs io, ue, ai in Spanish).