By Dudley Jackson (auth.)
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Example text
On the one hand, society requires a large number of unpleasant, unskilled jobs to be performed, and so it is helpful, if not essential, for there to be a pool of workers prepared to undertake such menial labour. Many of the economies of the Western world depend on immigrant labour for the performance of such tasks. On the other hand, society will always have both its 'misfits' who may not be capable of much work or who may be difficult to work with, and those who are physically incapacitated, and it is important that these people should have the opportunity of having an occupation.
43 3 Low Pay In the last section we saw that low pay was a considerable cause offamilies living in want, and that Beveridge had devised Family Allowances to protect the children of large families against this. But the scale of Family Allowances had been reduced, and this made it likely that large families where the head of the household was earning only a low wage would suffer from want. Families with low income as percentage of all families Status of head of household Percentage composition of families with low Income Total Total 100 8·8 1·2 Others 13·0 1·0 Father unemployed 11·6 1·5 Father sick 17·4 I·g Fatherless 3·2 Father employed but at low wage --- 21·7 --36·2 I FIG.
12. The politics of welfare universal social security accepted, and he proposed the schemes least offensive to middle and upper income groups: flat-rate contributions would fall proportionately most heavily upon the lower income groups, and flat-rate benefits could be appreciated as providing a minimum subsistence income. This is an egalitarian benefit paid for by regressive contributions; and a 40 harsh summary of Beveridge's scheme is that it was a redistribution of income among the working classes.